Flanges come in many varieties, with different types suited to different operating conditions and installation requirements. Understanding the characteristics and applicable scopes of each type is a prerequisite for correct selection.
Welding Neck Flanges feature a tapered neck that connects to the pipe through a butt weld-. Due to the uniform stress distribution at the weld joint, welding neck flanges offer excellent sealing performance, making them particularly suitable for pipelines with significant pressure or temperature fluctuations, as well as high-temperature, high-pressure, and low-temperature applications-. In the petrochemical and power generation industries, welding neck flanges are the preferred choice for transporting flammable and explosive media-.
Slip-On Flanges are slipped over the pipe end and welded in place with fillet welds. These flanges feature simple construction, convenient processing, and lower costs, making them suitable for medium and low-pressure applications-. Slip-on flanges can be further divided into flat plate and hubbed types—the hubbed design enhances structural strength and resistance to temperature and pressure fluctuations-.
Threaded Flanges connect to pipes through internal threads without requiring welding-. These flanges are suitable for low-pressure, small-diameter pipelines and offer convenient installation and removal. They find wide application in fire protection, gas, hot and cold water, air conditioning, instrumentation, and hydraulic systems-.
Lap Joint Flanges consist of a loose flange ring and a stub end. The flange ring can rotate freely on the pipe, facilitating bolt hole alignment—ideal for applications requiring frequent disassembly and reassembly-.
Blind Flanges have no center hole and are used to seal pipe ends or equipment openings, playing an important role in piping system inspection and maintenance-.
Socket Welding Flanges are used for smaller pipe sizes where the pipe is inserted into the socket and fillet welded-. Integral Flanges are forged as a single piece with the pipe or equipment, typically used for higher-pressure applications-.
Each flange type has unique structural characteristics and applicable scenarios. Selection requires comprehensive consideration of pressure rating, temperature conditions, media properties, and installation space.
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